2010年4月7日

37週了~ He's all cooked and ready to go

小咚咚目前是2586g,大約5.7磅,每天在肚子裡活潑地動動動不停唷~



Your Baby


Huge news this week: You're carrying a full-term baby! If you were to go into labor today, all systems would be a go. Woohoo! Even though you can't wait for the little bambino to quite literally rear his head, keep in mind that your bun benefits from every day in the oven. Other ticker-tape-worthy developments:

  • Baby's growth slows down dramatically this week, which is great news for your birth canal. His bones are still soft and pliable and will solidify after he's born. More great news for your birth canal.

  • So if he's all cooked and ready to go, what the heck is he still doing in there?! He's busy practicing for "life on the outside," working on his breathing, sucking, sleeping, gazing and peeing abilities. The only thing he can't practice yet is his ability to scream at the top of his lungs when he's hungry—but he'll do plenty of that in a few weeks.

  • At this point babies vary in size, but the average length is between 19 and 20 inches and most babies weigh approximately 6 pounds. About the size of an average largemouth bass caught in Minnesota by your cousin Earl.

B 型鏈球菌產前檢查

  B型(乙型)鏈球菌(Group B streptococcus,或 streptococcus agalactiae)簡稱GBS,是一種革蘭氏陽性菌,在顯微鏡下成一鏈狀外觀,且其細胞壁糖抗原分類特徵上屬於B類故稱之。約10-35%健康婦女陰道中,可發現此菌的蹤跡,常見於女性的泌尿及生殖系統或腸道中,正常時為共生菌與人體和平相處,多數帶菌的婦女並不會發病,少數人有泌尿道感染症狀,但因為新生兒抵抗力弱,所以可能在生產時經產道受到母親垂直感染。

  新生兒常見問題除早產、先天異常之外,最常面臨的危機就是「感染」。B型鏈球菌就是經由母體垂直感染(懷孕或生產過程)主要菌種,因為新生兒血腦屏障發育尚未成熟,因此一旦發生菌血症時,細菌極易侵犯腦膜,引起腦膜炎,甚至敗血症、肺炎等相關疾病,嚴重者甚至可能致死。

  根據國外研究數據顯示,B型鏈球菌造成新生兒感染機率,不考慮產婦是否帶菌情形,新生兒感染情形約千分之1-2;國內約千分之1.4-1.8,但當產婦帶菌,讓胎兒、新生兒與感染源接觸機率增加,以致感染機率升高10倍至1%。國內疾病管制局93年有關B型鏈球菌新生兒的感染症之研究顯示:除了原有的菌血症之外,有37%的案例併發腦膜炎;另有32%併發肺炎。因此,雖然發生率不高,一旦受到感染,致死率卻高達20%,這也是引起我們重視的原因。

  郭綜合醫院利用細菌培養,在94年至96年期間,針對B型鏈球菌進行孕婦產前篩檢及抗生素試驗之統計顯示:感染率分別高達8.012.49.9%(4/5024/19327/274),而追蹤新生兒同時亦感染之比率在95 96年分別為4.23.7%,且若含產婦未篩檢之所有新生兒感染的比率反推,則每年生產之孕婦感染B型鏈球菌之人數,高達 119-135 人次;同時,郭綜合醫院對 95-96 年孕婦感染之B型鏈球菌,進行抗生素感受性試驗報告統計上,亦證實安比西林(Amp icillin)抗生素在在體外試驗治療上,分別高達96.996.6%之成功率。本院在今年九月亦發生一起疑似母親垂直感染新生兒之病例報告:有一位待產之產婦,產前發燒(37.6℃),同時陰道分泌物檢體B型鏈球菌檢測亦為陽性,在新生兒出生後亦出現發燒現象(38.2℃);此時,對新生兒之胃液及血液檢體均進行B型鏈球菌檢測,亦證實兩種檢體均有B型鏈球菌感染。幸運地,經抗生素妥善治療並監控一週後順利出院。

   美國疾病管制局研究證實,檢測B群鏈球菌以時機 35-37 週最佳,若對產前B型鏈球菌感染的媽媽,於待產中預防性給予抗生素後,新生兒發生B型鏈球桿菌感染的比率可降低75%,意即可減少新生兒感染B型鏈球菌的機會。美國疾病管制局及小兒科及婦產科學會亦建議:媽媽有絨毛羊膜炎、破水超過18 小時、懷孕週數小於35週早產兒臨盆前均應全面性進行B群鏈球菌產前篩檢,以減少感染;同時對於母體有B型鏈球菌菌尿症、直腸或陰道帶菌、發燒>38 ℃、以前所產出的嬰兒曾經有早發性B型鏈球菌的感染等症狀時,亦須加強監控,以減少新生兒感染B型鏈球菌的機會。